Topographical survey

Surveying and land surveying is the measurement and mapping of our surrounding environment using mathematics, specialized technology and equipment. Topographic Surveys are used to identify and map the contours of the ground and existing features on the surface of the earth or slightly above or below the earth's surface (i.e. trees, buildings, streets, walkways, manholes, utility poles, retaining walls, etc.). Topographic Surveys require "bench marks" to which ground contours are related, information regarding surface and underground utilities, determination of required setbacks, etc.

Land surveyors work in the office and in the field. Out in the field, they use the latest technology such as high order GPS, Robotic Total Stations (Theodolites), and aerial and terrestrial scanners to map an area, making computations and taking photos as evidence.

In the office, Surveyors then use sophisticated software, such as Auto-CAD to draft plans and map the onsite measurements. They are experts in determining land size and measurement. They also give advice and provide information to guide the work of engineers, architects and developers.